臥式爐(lu)的爐(lu)底(di)面比立式爐(lu)的爐(lu)底(di)面容(rong)易搗固,因為(wei)金屬(shu)熔溝基(ji)本上(shang)是平放(fang)著,僅僅略(lve)帶(dai)傾斜(xie),這有利于用(yong)鐵扦將(jiang)石英砂(sha)搗結(jie)實。
臥式(shi)爐(lu)(lu)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)安放要呈傾(qing)斜狀,不(bu)應完金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)平放,傾(qing)斜度約18。,因(yin)為(wei)(wei)完全平放不(bu)利于(yu)液體金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)的(de)熱(re)(re)(re)循環(huan),感應電爐(lu)(lu)中金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)的(de)運動,不(bu)只是(shi)由于(yu)電磁現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)所引(yin)起(qi)的(de),同時也(ye)為(wei)(wei)熱(re)(re)(re)現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)所引(yin)起(qi),因(yin)為(wei)(wei)熱(re)(re)(re)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)與冷(leng)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)的(de)比(bi)重不(bu)一樣(yang),過(guo)(guo)熱(re)(re)(re)的(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)是(shi)位于(yu)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)后面狹帶部(bu)份,較冷(leng)的(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)則(ze)在熔(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)的(de)前而和與熔(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)相連的(de)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)池內(nei),這樣(yang)就能(neng)引(yin)起(qi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)的(de)熱(re)(re)(re)循環(huan),從而使熔(rong)(rong)(rong)池內(nei)的(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)逐(zhu)漸得(de)到(dao)升(sheng)熱(re)(re)(re)。如果將熔(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)完全平放,實踐證明(ming)將使金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)加熱(re)(re)(re)時間延長,從現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)上(shang)也(ye)能(neng)看(kan)到(dao),在加熱(re)(re)(re)過(guo)(guo)程中,電流表(biao)上(shang)的(de)指針(zhen)產生(sheng)不(bu)停地(di)(di)搖擺(bai),這種(zhong)現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)的(de)產生(sheng)說明(ming)了熔(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)內(nei)的(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)導體在不(bu)停地(di)(di)發(fa)生(sheng)瞬息斷路,于(yu)是(shi)使金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)加熱(re)(re)(re)放慢了速度,將熔(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)呈傾(qing)斜狀安放,則(ze)能(neng)改善熱(re)(re)(re)循環(huan)條(tiao)件,從而加快金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)的(de)加熱(re)(re)(re)。
筑爐安(an)(an)放(fang)(fang)熔溝(gou)時,在實際(ji)操(cao)作中必須使用量(liang)具來求(qiu)取(qu)傾斜角度,只(zhi)要(yao)在擱放(fang)(fang)熔溝(gou)前(qian)部時,砌兩層斧形(xing)磚,將熔溝(gou)安(an)(an)放(fang)(fang)在斧形(xing)磚的(de)斜面上(shang),即能(neng)達(da)到(dao)傾斜度的(de)要(yao)求(qiu),非(fei)常簡便。
能使保溫爐內的液體金屬直接進入結晶器內,是依靠裝置在爐身前墻內的石墨底座,實際上石墨底座既是金屬的流出口,又足使爐子與結晶器的連接器,一端伸入熔池內,在金屬流出口上安裝一個石墨制塞桿,旋開石墨塞桿,液體金屬便從石墨底座的管道流入與之相連的結晶器內,將石墨塞桿旋緊,液體金屬被堵住不能外流,另一端被埋在前墻爐壁內,用一塊外方內圓有錐度的耐火磚使其位置固定。
應(ying)當指出(chu),石(shi)(shi)墨底(di)座在(zai)砌爐時不能完全埋在(zai)石(shi)(shi)英(ying)砂(sha)(sha)中,應(ying)使(shi)其體積的一(yi)半露出(chu)石(shi)(shi)英(ying)砂(sha)(sha)底(di)使(shi)它泡在(zai)熔(rong)融(rong)金屬中和(he)金屬一(yi)同加(jia)熱,實踐證明,石(shi)(shi)墨底(di)座完全或絕大(da)部份被埋在(zai)石(shi)(shi)英(ying)砂(sha)(sha)內,當金屬流(liu)入結晶器之(zhi)前,就(jiu)有被降(jiang)低溫(wen)度而影響拉(la)鑄(zhu)。