臥(wo)式爐(lu)(lu)的(de)爐(lu)(lu)底面比立式爐(lu)(lu)的(de)爐(lu)(lu)底面容易搗(dao)固,因(yin)為金屬熔溝(gou)基(ji)本上(shang)是平放著(zhu),僅僅略帶(dai)傾斜,這有利于用鐵(tie)扦將石英砂搗(dao)結實。
臥式爐熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)安(an)放要(yao)呈傾斜狀(zhuang),不應完(wan)金(jin)(jin)平放,傾斜度約18。,因(yin)(yin)為(wei)完(wan)全平放不利于(yu)(yu)液體金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)循環,感應電(dian)(dian)爐中金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)動,不只是(shi)(shi)由于(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)磁現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)所引起(qi)的(de)(de)(de),同時也為(wei)熱(re)(re)現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)所引起(qi),因(yin)(yin)為(wei)熱(re)(re)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)與冷(leng)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)比重不一樣,過熱(re)(re)的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)是(shi)(shi)位于(yu)(yu)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)后面(mian)狹帶部份(fen),較冷(leng)的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)則(ze)在熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)前而和與熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)相連的(de)(de)(de)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)池內(nei),這樣就能(neng)(neng)引起(qi)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)循環,從而使熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)池內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)逐漸(jian)得(de)到升熱(re)(re)。如果將(jiang)(jiang)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)完(wan)全平放,實踐證(zheng)明(ming)將(jiang)(jiang)使金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)時間延長,從現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)上(shang)也能(neng)(neng)看(kan)到,在加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)過程中,電(dian)(dian)流表上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)針產(chan)生(sheng)不停(ting)地(di)搖擺,這種現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)生(sheng)說明(ming)了(le)(le)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)導體在不停(ting)地(di)發(fa)生(sheng)瞬息斷路(lu),于(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)使金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)放慢了(le)(le)速度,將(jiang)(jiang)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)呈傾斜狀(zhuang)安(an)放,則(ze)能(neng)(neng)改(gai)善熱(re)(re)循環條件(jian),從而加(jia)(jia)快金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)。
筑(zhu)爐安放熔溝時,在(zai)實際操作中必須使用量具來求(qiu)(qiu)取傾(qing)斜(xie)(xie)角度,只要(yao)在(zai)擱(ge)放熔溝前部時,砌兩層斧形(xing)磚,將熔溝安放在(zai)斧形(xing)磚的斜(xie)(xie)面上(shang),即(ji)能達到傾(qing)斜(xie)(xie)度的要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu),非常簡便。
能使保溫爐內的液體金屬直接進入結晶器內,是依靠裝置在爐身前墻內的石墨底座,實際上石墨底座既是金屬的流出口,又足使爐子與結晶器的連接器,一端伸入熔池內,在金屬流出口上安裝一個石墨制塞桿,旋開石墨塞桿,液體金屬便從石墨底座的管道流入與之相連的結晶器內,將石墨塞桿旋緊,液體金屬被堵住不能外流,另一端被埋在前墻爐壁內,用一塊外方內圓有錐度的耐火磚使其位置固定。
應(ying)當指出,石墨底(di)座(zuo)在(zai)(zai)砌(qi)爐時不能完(wan)(wan)全(quan)埋在(zai)(zai)石英砂(sha)中(zhong),應(ying)使(shi)(shi)其體(ti)積的一半露出石英砂(sha)底(di)使(shi)(shi)它泡在(zai)(zai)熔融金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬中(zhong)和(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬一同加熱,實踐證明,石墨底(di)座(zuo)完(wan)(wan)全(quan)或絕大部(bu)份被埋在(zai)(zai)石英砂(sha)內(nei),當金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬流入(ru)結晶器之(zhi)前(qian),就有被降低溫度而影(ying)響拉鑄。