臥式(shi)爐(lu)(lu)的(de)爐(lu)(lu)底(di)面比(bi)立式(shi)爐(lu)(lu)的(de)爐(lu)(lu)底(di)面容易搗固(gu),因(yin)為金屬(shu)熔溝基本上(shang)是平放著,僅僅略帶(dai)傾(qing)斜,這有利于用(yong)鐵扦將(jiang)石英砂搗結實(shi)。
臥式(shi)爐(lu)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)安放(fang)(fang)要呈傾斜狀,不(bu)應(ying)完(wan)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)平放(fang)(fang),傾斜度約18。,因(yin)為(wei)(wei)完(wan)全平放(fang)(fang)不(bu)利于(yu)液體(ti)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱循環,感應(ying)電(dian)爐(lu)中(zhong)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運動,不(bu)只是(shi)由于(yu)電(dian)磁現象所引起(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),同時也(ye)為(wei)(wei)熱現象所引起(qi),因(yin)為(wei)(wei)熱金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)與(yu)冷金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比重不(bu)一樣,過(guo)熱的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)是(shi)位(wei)于(yu)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)后(hou)面狹帶(dai)部份,較冷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)則在(zai)(zai)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前(qian)而(er)(er)和與(yu)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)相(xiang)連(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)池內,這(zhe)樣就能(neng)引起(qi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱循環,從(cong)而(er)(er)使(shi)(shi)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)池內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)逐漸得到升熱。如果將(jiang)(jiang)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)完(wan)全平放(fang)(fang),實踐(jian)證明(ming)將(jiang)(jiang)使(shi)(shi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)加(jia)熱時間延長,從(cong)現象上也(ye)能(neng)看到,在(zai)(zai)加(jia)熱過(guo)程中(zhong),電(dian)流表上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指針產生不(bu)停地(di)搖擺,這(zhe)種現象的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產生說明(ming)了(le)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)導體(ti)在(zai)(zai)不(bu)停地(di)發生瞬息斷路,于(yu)是(shi)使(shi)(shi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)加(jia)熱放(fang)(fang)慢(man)了(le)速(su)度,將(jiang)(jiang)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)呈傾斜狀安放(fang)(fang),則能(neng)改善熱循環條(tiao)件,從(cong)而(er)(er)加(jia)快(kuai)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)熱。
筑(zhu)爐(lu)安放熔溝時,在實際操(cao)作中必須使(shi)用量具來求取傾(qing)(qing)斜(xie)角度,只(zhi)要(yao)在擱放熔溝前部時,砌兩層斧形磚,將熔溝安放在斧形磚的(de)斜(xie)面上,即能達到傾(qing)(qing)斜(xie)度的(de)要(yao)求,非常(chang)簡便。
能使保溫爐內的液體金屬直接進入結晶器內,是依靠裝置在爐身前墻內的石墨底座,實際上石墨底座既是金屬的流出口,又足使爐子與結晶器的連接器,一端伸入熔池內,在金屬流出口上安裝一個石墨制塞桿,旋開石墨塞桿,液體金屬便從石墨底座的管道流入與之相連的結晶器內,將石墨塞桿旋緊,液體金屬被堵住不能外流,另一端被埋在前墻爐壁內,用一塊外方內圓有錐度的耐火磚使其位置固定。
應當指(zhi)出,石(shi)墨底(di)座(zuo)在砌爐(lu)時不能完全埋(mai)在石(shi)英砂(sha)中,應使其體積的一半(ban)露出石(shi)英砂(sha)底(di)使它(ta)泡在熔融(rong)金(jin)屬中和(he)金(jin)屬一同加熱(re),實踐證明,石(shi)墨底(di)座(zuo)完全或絕大部份被埋(mai)在石(shi)英砂(sha)內,當金(jin)屬流入結晶器之前,就有被降低(di)溫度而影響拉鑄(zhu)。