臥式爐的爐底面(mian)比立式爐的爐底面(mian)容易搗(dao)固(gu),因為金(jin)屬熔溝基本上(shang)是(shi)平放著,僅僅略帶傾斜(xie),這有(you)利于用鐵扦將石英砂搗(dao)結實。
臥式爐(lu)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)安放(fang)(fang)要呈(cheng)傾(qing)斜狀,不(bu)(bu)應完金(jin)(jin)(jin)平(ping)(ping)放(fang)(fang),傾(qing)斜度約18。,因為完全平(ping)(ping)放(fang)(fang)不(bu)(bu)利于液體金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)循環(huan),感應電(dian)爐(lu)中金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)動,不(bu)(bu)只是由于電(dian)磁現(xian)象(xiang)所引(yin)(yin)起的(de)(de)(de),同(tong)時也為熱(re)(re)現(xian)象(xiang)所引(yin)(yin)起,因為熱(re)(re)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)與冷金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)比重(zhong)不(bu)(bu)一樣,過熱(re)(re)的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)是位于熔(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)后面狹帶部份,較冷的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)則在(zai)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)前(qian)而和與熔(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)相連的(de)(de)(de)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)池內,這(zhe)(zhe)樣就能(neng)引(yin)(yin)起金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)循環(huan),從(cong)(cong)而使(shi)(shi)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)池內的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)逐漸(jian)得(de)到升熱(re)(re)。如果(guo)將熔(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)完全平(ping)(ping)放(fang)(fang),實踐(jian)證明將使(shi)(shi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)加(jia)熱(re)(re)時間延長,從(cong)(cong)現(xian)象(xiang)上也能(neng)看到,在(zai)加(jia)熱(re)(re)過程中,電(dian)流(liu)表上的(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)針產生(sheng)(sheng)不(bu)(bu)停地搖擺,這(zhe)(zhe)種現(xian)象(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)產生(sheng)(sheng)說明了熔(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)內的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)導體在(zai)不(bu)(bu)停地發生(sheng)(sheng)瞬息斷(duan)路,于是使(shi)(shi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)加(jia)熱(re)(re)放(fang)(fang)慢了速度,將熔(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)呈(cheng)傾(qing)斜狀安放(fang)(fang),則能(neng)改善熱(re)(re)循環(huan)條(tiao)件,從(cong)(cong)而加(jia)快金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)熱(re)(re)。
筑爐安(an)放熔(rong)溝(gou)時,在實際(ji)操作中必須使用(yong)量具(ju)來求取傾斜角度,只要在擱放熔(rong)溝(gou)前部時,砌兩層斧形磚,將熔(rong)溝(gou)安(an)放在斧形磚的(de)斜面上,即(ji)能達到傾斜度的(de)要求,非常(chang)簡便。
能使保溫爐內的液體金屬直接進入結晶器內,是依靠裝置在爐身前墻內的石墨底座,實際上石墨底座既是金屬的流出口,又足使爐子與結晶器的連接器,一端伸入熔池內,在金屬流出口上安裝一個石墨制塞桿,旋開石墨塞桿,液體金屬便從石墨底座的管道流入與之相連的結晶器內,將石墨塞桿旋緊,液體金屬被堵住不能外流,另一端被埋在前墻爐壁內,用一塊外方內圓有錐度的耐火磚使其位置固定。
應(ying)當指(zhi)出,石(shi)(shi)墨底座在(zai)砌爐時(shi)不能完(wan)全(quan)埋在(zai)石(shi)(shi)英(ying)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)中(zhong),應(ying)使其體積的一半露(lu)出石(shi)(shi)英(ying)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)底使它泡在(zai)熔融金屬中(zhong)和金屬一同(tong)加(jia)熱,實踐證明,石(shi)(shi)墨底座完(wan)全(quan)或絕大部份被埋在(zai)石(shi)(shi)英(ying)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)內,當金屬流入(ru)結(jie)晶器之前,就有被降低(di)溫度(du)而(er)影(ying)響拉鑄。