臥式預熱保溫爐是一臺容量可達600公斤的臥式有鐵芯工頻感應電爐,為了便于控制爐內熔融金屬的溫度,可以采用調壓變壓器進行保溫,但這種舊式設備操作麻煩,二來消耗電力多,設備占用面積也大,采用可控硅交流調壓器,操作簡單便利,而且能節約用電,一臺保溫爐比用調壓變壓器每晝夜可以節省300度電,又能為生產自動化創造了條件。
另外,由于升(sheng)液(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的工作條(tiao)件惡劣(lie),鑄(zhu)造(zao)科技工作者正在(zai)尋求更(geng)好的材(cai)料(liao)和合理的措(cuo)施以提高其(qi)壽命。現(xian)有資料(liao)表明:采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)含(han)磷2.7%的鑄(zhu)鐵、含(han)銅(tong)6.5%的鑄(zhu)鐵、高錳鑄(zhu)鐵或用(yong)(yong)(yong)具有D型(xing)石(shi)墨的珠光體(ti)基體(ti)的孕(yun)育鑄(zhu)鐵鑄(zhu)造(zao)升(sheng)液(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan),其(qi)壽命可能延長,可用(yong)(yong)(yong)120h以上;有的采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)普(pu)通鑄(zhu)鐵管(guan)(guan)(guan)進行表面滲(shen)硫處(chu)理,在(zai)鋁(lv)液(ye)(ye)中(zhong)的壽命約(yue)可提高3倍;有的在(zai)鑄(zhu)鐵管(guan)(guan)(guan)表面噴鍍一層三(san)氧(yang)化二鋁(lv)、氧(yang)化鋯或氧(yang)化鉻等材(cai)料(liao),升(sheng)液(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)在(zai)鋁(lv)液(ye)(ye)中(zhong)的壽命可達700h;有的試(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)氮化硅(gui)、碳化硅(gui)或氧(yang)化硼等耐熱(re)(re)陶瓷作升(sheng)液(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan),雖然成(cheng)本高,但在(zai)鋁(lv)液(ye)(ye)中(zhong)可用(yong)(yong)(yong)半年以上;還有用(yong)(yong)(yong)石(shi)棉耐熱(re)(re)硅(gui)酸(suan)鹽(yan)作升(sheng)液(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan),在(zai)三(san)班連續(xu)作業的情(qing)況下,可使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)4~5個月(yue),效果良好。