臥式(shi)爐(lu)的(de)爐(lu)底面比立(li)式(shi)爐(lu)的(de)爐(lu)底面容易(yi)搗(dao)固,因為金屬(shu)熔(rong)溝基(ji)本上是平放著(zhu),僅僅略帶傾斜,這有(you)利(li)于(yu)用鐵扦(qian)將石英砂搗(dao)結實。
臥式爐熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)安(an)放(fang)要呈(cheng)傾斜(xie)狀,不應(ying)完金(jin)(jin)平(ping)放(fang),傾斜(xie)度(du)約18。,因為(wei)完全(quan)平(ping)放(fang)不利于液(ye)體金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)循(xun)環(huan),感應(ying)電(dian)爐中金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)運動,不只(zhi)是(shi)由(you)于電(dian)磁現象(xiang)(xiang)所引(yin)起(qi)的(de)(de)(de),同時也為(wei)熱(re)(re)(re)現象(xiang)(xiang)所引(yin)起(qi),因為(wei)熱(re)(re)(re)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)與(yu)冷金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)比(bi)重不一樣(yang)(yang),過熱(re)(re)(re)的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)是(shi)位(wei)于熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)后面狹帶部份,較冷的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)則在熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)的(de)(de)(de)前而和與(yu)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)相(xiang)連的(de)(de)(de)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)池內(nei),這(zhe)樣(yang)(yang)就能(neng)引(yin)起(qi)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)循(xun)環(huan),從而使(shi)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)池內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)逐漸得到(dao)升熱(re)(re)(re)。如果將熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)完全(quan)平(ping)放(fang),實踐證(zheng)明(ming)將使(shi)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)時間(jian)延長,從現象(xiang)(xiang)上也能(neng)看到(dao),在加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)過程中,電(dian)流表(biao)上的(de)(de)(de)指針產生不停地搖擺,這(zhe)種現象(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)產生說明(ming)了(le)(le)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)導體在不停地發生瞬息斷路(lu),于是(shi)使(shi)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)放(fang)慢(man)了(le)(le)速度(du),將熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)呈(cheng)傾斜(xie)狀安(an)放(fang),則能(neng)改善熱(re)(re)(re)循(xun)環(huan)條(tiao)件,從而加(jia)快金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)。
筑爐安放熔溝時,在(zai)實(shi)際(ji)操作(zuo)中必須(xu)使用(yong)量具來求取傾斜角度(du)(du),只要在(zai)擱放熔溝前(qian)部時,砌兩層斧形磚(zhuan),將(jiang)熔溝安放在(zai)斧形磚(zhuan)的斜面上,即能達(da)到(dao)傾斜度(du)(du)的要求,非常(chang)簡便(bian)。
能使保溫爐內的液體金屬直接進入結晶器內,是依靠裝置在爐身前墻內的石墨底座,實際上石墨底座既是金屬的流出口,又足使爐子與結晶器的連接器,一端伸入熔池內,在金屬流出口上安裝一個石墨制塞桿,旋開石墨塞桿,液體金屬便從石墨底座的管道流入與之相連的結晶器內,將石墨塞桿旋緊,液體金屬被堵住不能外流,另一端被埋在前墻爐壁內,用一塊外方內圓有錐度的耐火磚使其位置固定。
應(ying)當(dang)指出(chu),石(shi)墨(mo)底(di)座在(zai)砌爐時不(bu)能完全埋(mai)在(zai)石(shi)英(ying)砂(sha)中,應(ying)使(shi)其體積的一(yi)半(ban)露出(chu)石(shi)英(ying)砂(sha)底(di)使(shi)它泡(pao)在(zai)熔融(rong)金屬(shu)中和金屬(shu)一(yi)同加熱,實(shi)踐證明,石(shi)墨(mo)底(di)座完全或絕大部份(fen)被(bei)埋(mai)在(zai)石(shi)英(ying)砂(sha)內,當(dang)金屬(shu)流入結晶器之前,就有被(bei)降(jiang)低溫度而影響拉鑄。