臥(wo)式(shi)爐(lu)的爐(lu)底面比立(li)式(shi)爐(lu)的爐(lu)底面容易搗固(gu),因為金屬熔溝基本(ben)上(shang)是(shi)平(ping)放著(zhu),僅(jin)僅(jin)略帶傾(qing)斜,這(zhe)有利(li)于用鐵扦將石英(ying)砂搗結實。
臥式(shi)爐(lu)熔(rong)(rong)溝安放(fang)(fang)要呈傾(qing)斜狀(zhuang),不應(ying)完(wan)金(jin)(jin)平(ping)(ping)放(fang)(fang),傾(qing)斜度約18。,因(yin)為(wei)完(wan)全平(ping)(ping)放(fang)(fang)不利于液(ye)體(ti)(ti)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)循(xun)環,感應(ying)電(dian)爐(lu)中金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)動,不只(zhi)是由于電(dian)磁現(xian)(xian)象所引起的(de)(de)(de),同時(shi)也(ye)為(wei)熱(re)(re)現(xian)(xian)象所引起,因(yin)為(wei)熱(re)(re)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)與(yu)冷金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)比重不一(yi)樣(yang),過(guo)熱(re)(re)的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)是位于熔(rong)(rong)溝后面狹帶部份,較(jiao)冷的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)則在熔(rong)(rong)溝的(de)(de)(de)前而和與(yu)熔(rong)(rong)溝相連(lian)的(de)(de)(de)熔(rong)(rong)池(chi)(chi)內,這(zhe)樣(yang)就能(neng)引起金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)循(xun)環,從(cong)(cong)而使(shi)熔(rong)(rong)池(chi)(chi)內的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)逐(zhu)漸得到(dao)升熱(re)(re)。如果將(jiang)(jiang)熔(rong)(rong)溝完(wan)全平(ping)(ping)放(fang)(fang),實踐證明將(jiang)(jiang)使(shi)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)加熱(re)(re)時(shi)間延長,從(cong)(cong)現(xian)(xian)象上也(ye)能(neng)看到(dao),在加熱(re)(re)過(guo)程中,電(dian)流表上的(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)針產生不停(ting)地搖擺,這(zhe)種現(xian)(xian)象的(de)(de)(de)產生說明了熔(rong)(rong)溝內的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)導體(ti)(ti)在不停(ting)地發生瞬息(xi)斷路,于是使(shi)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)加熱(re)(re)放(fang)(fang)慢了速度,將(jiang)(jiang)熔(rong)(rong)溝呈傾(qing)斜狀(zhuang)安放(fang)(fang),則能(neng)改善熱(re)(re)循(xun)環條件,從(cong)(cong)而加快金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)加熱(re)(re)。
筑爐(lu)安(an)放熔(rong)溝(gou)時(shi)(shi),在(zai)(zai)實(shi)際(ji)操作中必須使用量具來求取傾斜(xie)角度,只要在(zai)(zai)擱放熔(rong)溝(gou)前部時(shi)(shi),砌兩層(ceng)斧(fu)形(xing)磚,將熔(rong)溝(gou)安(an)放在(zai)(zai)斧(fu)形(xing)磚的(de)(de)斜(xie)面(mian)上,即能(neng)達(da)到(dao)傾斜(xie)度的(de)(de)要求,非常(chang)簡便。
能使保溫爐內的液體金屬直接進入結晶器內,是依靠裝置在爐身前墻內的石墨底座,實際上石墨底座既是金屬的流出口,又足使爐子與結晶器的連接器,一端伸入熔池內,在金屬流出口上安裝一個石墨制塞桿,旋開石墨塞桿,液體金屬便從石墨底座的管道流入與之相連的結晶器內,將石墨塞桿旋緊,液體金屬被堵住不能外流,另一端被埋在前墻爐壁內,用一塊外方內圓有錐度的耐火磚使其位置固定。
應當指出,石(shi)墨底座(zuo)(zuo)在砌爐時(shi)不(bu)能完全埋(mai)在石(shi)英砂(sha)中(zhong),應使(shi)其(qi)體(ti)積的一半露出石(shi)英砂(sha)底使(shi)它泡(pao)在熔融(rong)金(jin)屬中(zhong)和金(jin)屬一同加熱,實踐證明,石(shi)墨底座(zuo)(zuo)完全或絕大部份被埋(mai)在石(shi)英砂(sha)內,當金(jin)屬流入結晶器(qi)之前,就有被降低(di)溫度而影響拉鑄。