臥式(shi)(shi)爐的爐底(di)面比立式(shi)(shi)爐的爐底(di)面容易搗(dao)固,因為金屬熔溝基本上(shang)是平放著,僅僅略帶傾(qing)斜,這有利于用鐵扦(qian)將石英砂搗(dao)結(jie)實。
臥(wo)式爐熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)安放(fang)(fang)要(yao)呈(cheng)傾(qing)斜狀(zhuang),不應(ying)完(wan)金(jin)平(ping)放(fang)(fang),傾(qing)斜度(du)約(yue)18。,因為完(wan)全(quan)平(ping)放(fang)(fang)不利(li)于(yu)(yu)液體金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)循(xun)環(huan),感應(ying)電爐中(zhong)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運動,不只(zhi)是(shi)(shi)由于(yu)(yu)電磁現象所引起(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),同時也為熱(re)(re)現象所引起(qi),因為熱(re)(re)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)與(yu)冷金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比重(zhong)不一樣,過熱(re)(re)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)是(shi)(shi)位于(yu)(yu)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)后面狹帶部(bu)份,較冷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)則在熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前而和(he)與(yu)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)相連(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)池內,這樣就能引起(qi)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)循(xun)環(huan),從(cong)而使熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)池內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)逐漸得(de)到升熱(re)(re)。如果將(jiang)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)完(wan)全(quan)平(ping)放(fang)(fang),實踐(jian)證(zheng)明將(jiang)使金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)加熱(re)(re)時間延長(chang),從(cong)現象上(shang)也能看(kan)到,在加熱(re)(re)過程中(zhong),電流表(biao)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指針產生不停地搖擺(bai),這種現象的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產生說(shuo)明了熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)導體在不停地發生瞬(shun)息斷路,于(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)使金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)加熱(re)(re)放(fang)(fang)慢了速度(du),將(jiang)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)呈(cheng)傾(qing)斜狀(zhuang)安放(fang)(fang),則能改善熱(re)(re)循(xun)環(huan)條件(jian),從(cong)而加快金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加熱(re)(re)。
筑爐安放(fang)(fang)熔(rong)溝(gou)時,在(zai)實際(ji)操作(zuo)中(zhong)必須使用量具來求(qiu)取傾(qing)斜角(jiao)度,只要(yao)在(zai)擱放(fang)(fang)熔(rong)溝(gou)前部(bu)時,砌兩層斧(fu)形磚,將熔(rong)溝(gou)安放(fang)(fang)在(zai)斧(fu)形磚的(de)斜面(mian)上(shang),即能達到傾(qing)斜度的(de)要(yao)求(qiu),非常簡便。
能使保溫爐內的液體金屬直接進入結晶器內,是依靠裝置在爐身前墻內的石墨底座,實際上石墨底座既是金屬的流出口,又足使爐子與結晶器的連接器,一端伸入熔池內,在金屬流出口上安裝一個石墨制塞桿,旋開石墨塞桿,液體金屬便從石墨底座的管道流入與之相連的結晶器內,將石墨塞桿旋緊,液體金屬被堵住不能外流,另一端被埋在前墻爐壁內,用一塊外方內圓有錐度的耐火磚使其位置固定。
應當指出(chu),石(shi)(shi)墨底(di)座(zuo)在(zai)砌爐時(shi)不能完(wan)全(quan)埋在(zai)石(shi)(shi)英(ying)砂(sha)中(zhong),應使(shi)其體積(ji)的(de)一半(ban)露出(chu)石(shi)(shi)英(ying)砂(sha)底(di)使(shi)它泡在(zai)熔融金屬(shu)中(zhong)和金屬(shu)一同(tong)加熱(re),實踐證明,石(shi)(shi)墨底(di)座(zuo)完(wan)全(quan)或(huo)絕大部份被(bei)埋在(zai)石(shi)(shi)英(ying)砂(sha)內,當金屬(shu)流入結晶器之(zhi)前,就有被(bei)降低溫度(du)而(er)影響拉(la)鑄。