臥式爐(lu)的爐(lu)底面比立式爐(lu)的爐(lu)底面容(rong)易搗(dao)固,因為金屬熔溝基本上是平放著,僅僅略帶傾斜,這有利于用(yong)鐵(tie)扦將(jiang)石英砂搗(dao)結(jie)實。
臥(wo)式爐熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)安(an)放(fang)要呈(cheng)傾斜狀,不(bu)(bu)應完金(jin)(jin)(jin)平(ping)(ping)放(fang),傾斜度(du)約18。,因(yin)(yin)為(wei)完全(quan)平(ping)(ping)放(fang)不(bu)(bu)利于液體金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬的(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)循(xun)環,感應電(dian)爐中(zhong)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬的(de)(de)(de)(de)運動,不(bu)(bu)只是由于電(dian)磁現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)所(suo)引起的(de)(de)(de)(de),同(tong)時也為(wei)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)所(suo)引起,因(yin)(yin)為(wei)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬與冷(leng)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬的(de)(de)(de)(de)比重不(bu)(bu)一樣,過熱(re)(re)(re)(re)的(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬是位(wei)于熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)后面狹帶部份,較冷(leng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬則(ze)在熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)前而和與熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)相(xiang)連的(de)(de)(de)(de)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)池內,這樣就(jiu)能(neng)(neng)引起金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬的(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)循(xun)環,從而使(shi)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)池內的(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬逐(zhu)漸得到升熱(re)(re)(re)(re)。如果將(jiang)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)完全(quan)平(ping)(ping)放(fang),實踐(jian)證明(ming)將(jiang)使(shi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)時間延長,從現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)上也能(neng)(neng)看到,在加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)過程中(zhong),電(dian)流表上的(de)(de)(de)(de)指針產(chan)生(sheng)不(bu)(bu)停地搖擺,這種現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)生(sheng)說明(ming)了熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬導體在不(bu)(bu)停地發生(sheng)瞬(shun)息斷路,于是使(shi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)放(fang)慢了速度(du),將(jiang)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)呈(cheng)傾斜狀安(an)放(fang),則(ze)能(neng)(neng)改善熱(re)(re)(re)(re)循(xun)環條件,從而加(jia)(jia)快金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)。
筑爐安(an)放(fang)(fang)熔溝(gou)(gou)時(shi)(shi),在(zai)實際操(cao)作中(zhong)必須使用量具來求取傾斜角度(du),只(zhi)要在(zai)擱放(fang)(fang)熔溝(gou)(gou)前部時(shi)(shi),砌(qi)兩層斧形(xing)磚,將(jiang)熔溝(gou)(gou)安(an)放(fang)(fang)在(zai)斧形(xing)磚的斜面(mian)上,即能達到傾斜度(du)的要求,非常簡便(bian)。
能使保溫爐內的液體金屬直接進入結晶器內,是依靠裝置在爐身前墻內的石墨底座,實際上石墨底座既是金屬的流出口,又足使爐子與結晶器的連接器,一端伸入熔池內,在金屬流出口上安裝一個石墨制塞桿,旋開石墨塞桿,液體金屬便從石墨底座的管道流入與之相連的結晶器內,將石墨塞桿旋緊,液體金屬被堵住不能外流,另一端被埋在前墻爐壁內,用一塊外方內圓有錐度的耐火磚使其位置固定。
應(ying)(ying)當(dang)(dang)指(zhi)出(chu),石(shi)墨(mo)底座(zuo)在砌爐時(shi)不能完(wan)全(quan)埋在石(shi)英(ying)(ying)砂(sha)中,應(ying)(ying)使其體積(ji)的(de)一半露(lu)出(chu)石(shi)英(ying)(ying)砂(sha)底使它泡(pao)在熔融(rong)金屬(shu)(shu)中和金屬(shu)(shu)一同(tong)加(jia)熱,實(shi)踐證明,石(shi)墨(mo)底座(zuo)完(wan)全(quan)或絕大(da)部(bu)份被埋在石(shi)英(ying)(ying)砂(sha)內,當(dang)(dang)金屬(shu)(shu)流入結晶器之前,就(jiu)有(you)被降低(di)溫度而影響拉鑄。