臥式(shi)爐的(de)爐底面比立式(shi)爐的(de)爐底面容易搗固,因為金屬(shu)熔(rong)溝基本上(shang)是平放著,僅僅略帶傾(qing)斜,這有(you)利于(yu)用(yong)鐵扦將石英砂搗結實。
臥式(shi)爐(lu)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)安(an)放要呈傾(qing)斜(xie)狀(zhuang),不(bu)(bu)(bu)應完(wan)金(jin)(jin)平放,傾(qing)斜(xie)度約18。,因為(wei)(wei)完(wan)全平放不(bu)(bu)(bu)利于(yu)(yu)液體金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)循環(huan)(huan),感應電爐(lu)中金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)運動,不(bu)(bu)(bu)只(zhi)是(shi)由(you)于(yu)(yu)電磁現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)所(suo)引(yin)起(qi)的(de)(de)(de),同時也(ye)為(wei)(wei)熱(re)現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)所(suo)引(yin)起(qi),因為(wei)(wei)熱(re)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)與冷金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)比重不(bu)(bu)(bu)一樣(yang),過熱(re)的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)是(shi)位于(yu)(yu)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)后面狹帶部份,較(jiao)冷的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)則在熔(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)的(de)(de)(de)前而(er)(er)和與熔(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)相連的(de)(de)(de)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)池(chi)內(nei)(nei),這(zhe)樣(yang)就(jiu)能(neng)引(yin)起(qi)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)循環(huan)(huan),從(cong)而(er)(er)使熔(rong)(rong)(rong)池(chi)內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)逐漸(jian)得到升(sheng)熱(re)。如果將熔(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)完(wan)全平放,實踐證明(ming)(ming)將使金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)加(jia)熱(re)時間延長,從(cong)現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上也(ye)能(neng)看到,在加(jia)熱(re)過程中,電流表上的(de)(de)(de)指針(zhen)產生不(bu)(bu)(bu)停(ting)地(di)搖擺,這(zhe)種現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)產生說(shuo)明(ming)(ming)了熔(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)導(dao)體在不(bu)(bu)(bu)停(ting)地(di)發生瞬息斷(duan)路,于(yu)(yu)是(shi)使金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)加(jia)熱(re)放慢了速度,將熔(rong)(rong)(rong)溝(gou)呈傾(qing)斜(xie)狀(zhuang)安(an)放,則能(neng)改善熱(re)循環(huan)(huan)條件,從(cong)而(er)(er)加(jia)快金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)熱(re)。
筑(zhu)爐安放熔(rong)溝時(shi),在(zai)實際操作中(zhong)必須使用量具來求取傾斜(xie)角度(du),只要在(zai)擱放熔(rong)溝前部時(shi),砌兩層斧(fu)形(xing)磚(zhuan)(zhuan),將(jiang)熔(rong)溝安放在(zai)斧(fu)形(xing)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)的斜(xie)面(mian)上,即能達到(dao)傾斜(xie)度(du)的要求,非常簡便(bian)。
能使保溫爐內的液體金屬直接進入結晶器內,是依靠裝置在爐身前墻內的石墨底座,實際上石墨底座既是金屬的流出口,又足使爐子與結晶器的連接器,一端伸入熔池內,在金屬流出口上安裝一個石墨制塞桿,旋開石墨塞桿,液體金屬便從石墨底座的管道流入與之相連的結晶器內,將石墨塞桿旋緊,液體金屬被堵住不能外流,另一端被埋在前墻爐壁內,用一塊外方內圓有錐度的耐火磚使其位置固定。
應當(dang)指出,石(shi)(shi)墨(mo)底座在砌爐時不(bu)能完(wan)全(quan)埋(mai)在石(shi)(shi)英砂中,應使其體(ti)積的(de)一(yi)半(ban)露出石(shi)(shi)英砂底使它泡在熔融(rong)金(jin)屬(shu)中和金(jin)屬(shu)一(yi)同加熱,實踐證(zheng)明,石(shi)(shi)墨(mo)底座完(wan)全(quan)或絕(jue)大部份被(bei)埋(mai)在石(shi)(shi)英砂內(nei),當(dang)金(jin)屬(shu)流入結(jie)晶器(qi)之(zhi)前,就(jiu)有被(bei)降低溫度而影響拉鑄。