臥式爐(lu)(lu)的(de)爐(lu)(lu)底面(mian)比立式爐(lu)(lu)的(de)爐(lu)(lu)底面(mian)容易搗固,因為(wei)金屬熔溝(gou)基本(ben)上是(shi)平放著,僅僅略帶傾斜,這(zhe)有利(li)于用(yong)鐵扦將石英砂搗結實(shi)。
臥式爐(lu)熔(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)安放要(yao)呈傾斜狀(zhuang),不(bu)應(ying)完(wan)金(jin)(jin)(jin)平(ping)(ping)放,傾斜度(du)(du)約(yue)18。,因為完(wan)全平(ping)(ping)放不(bu)利于液體金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)熱(re)循(xun)環,感(gan)應(ying)電爐(lu)中(zhong)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)運動,不(bu)只(zhi)是(shi)(shi)由于電磁現(xian)象所引(yin)(yin)起(qi)的(de)(de),同時也為熱(re)現(xian)象所引(yin)(yin)起(qi),因為熱(re)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)與冷金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)比重(zhong)不(bu)一樣(yang),過熱(re)的(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)是(shi)(shi)位于熔(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)后(hou)面(mian)狹帶(dai)部份(fen),較(jiao)冷的(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)則在(zai)熔(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)前(qian)而和(he)與熔(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)相(xiang)連的(de)(de)熔(rong)(rong)池內(nei)(nei),這(zhe)樣(yang)就能(neng)引(yin)(yin)起(qi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)熱(re)循(xun)環,從(cong)(cong)而使(shi)熔(rong)(rong)池內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)逐(zhu)漸得到(dao)升(sheng)熱(re)。如果將熔(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)完(wan)全平(ping)(ping)放,實踐證(zheng)明將使(shi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)加(jia)熱(re)時間延長,從(cong)(cong)現(xian)象上也能(neng)看到(dao),在(zai)加(jia)熱(re)過程中(zhong),電流表上的(de)(de)指針(zhen)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)不(bu)停地(di)搖擺(bai),這(zhe)種現(xian)象的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)說明了熔(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)導(dao)體在(zai)不(bu)停地(di)發生(sheng)瞬息斷路,于是(shi)(shi)使(shi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)加(jia)熱(re)放慢了速度(du)(du),將熔(rong)(rong)溝(gou)(gou)呈傾斜狀(zhuang)安放,則能(neng)改善(shan)熱(re)循(xun)環條件(jian),從(cong)(cong)而加(jia)快金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)加(jia)熱(re)。
筑爐安放熔(rong)溝時(shi),在(zai)實(shi)際操作中(zhong)必須使用量具(ju)來求取傾斜角度,只要(yao)在(zai)擱放熔(rong)溝前(qian)部時(shi),砌兩層(ceng)斧形(xing)磚(zhuan),將熔(rong)溝安放在(zai)斧形(xing)磚(zhuan)的斜面上,即能達到傾斜度的要(yao)求,非常簡便。
能使保溫爐內的液體金屬直接進入結晶器內,是依靠裝置在爐身前墻內的石墨底座,實際上石墨底座既是金屬的流出口,又足使爐子與結晶器的連接器,一端伸入熔池內,在金屬流出口上安裝一個石墨制塞桿,旋開石墨塞桿,液體金屬便從石墨底座的管道流入與之相連的結晶器內,將石墨塞桿旋緊,液體金屬被堵住不能外流,另一端被埋在前墻爐壁內,用一塊外方內圓有錐度的耐火磚使其位置固定。
應當指(zhi)出(chu),石(shi)(shi)墨(mo)底(di)座在砌爐(lu)時不能完(wan)全(quan)埋在石(shi)(shi)英(ying)砂中,應使(shi)其體積的(de)一(yi)半露出(chu)石(shi)(shi)英(ying)砂底(di)使(shi)它泡在熔融(rong)金屬(shu)中和金屬(shu)一(yi)同加熱,實(shi)踐證明,石(shi)(shi)墨(mo)底(di)座完(wan)全(quan)或(huo)絕大(da)部(bu)份被(bei)埋在石(shi)(shi)英(ying)砂內,當金屬(shu)流入結晶器之(zhi)前,就有被(bei)降低溫度(du)而影響拉鑄。